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 HISTORY OF THE COMPUTERS

Abaco

The Abaco is considered the oldest apparatus to perform calculations, it is considered that it appeared in the East 5,000 years BC.

The pascalina

It was created in 1642 by the French Blaise Pascal, with the name of arithmetic machine, this invention allowed to add and subtract 2 numbers directly and make multiplications and divisions by repetition,

First generation of the computers

At this time computers worked with bulbs, punch cards to enter data and programs that used magnetic cylinders to store information, cooling systems were also required that were very expensive, these computers were used in the scientific and military field.

Second generation of the computer

This generation is characterized by the use of the transistor, which sets the tone for information processing, size and reliability, small magnetic rings were also used to store information, these computers continued to produce a large amount of heat and were also slow.

At this time also developed new programming languages such as "COBOL" and "Fortran" which were used in airline systems and air traffic control.

Third Generation of the computer

In this generation, integrated circuits begin to be used, these consist of packaging hundreds of transistors, on a thin silicon chip, which allows to lower costs, while increasing processing capacity and reducing the size of the machines.

Fourth generation of the computer

This generation is characterized by the use of the microprocessor, that is, a single integrated circuit in which the basic elements of the machine are gathered, more circuits are also placed within a single chip, each chip performs different functions, and the memory of rings is replaced by the memory of silicon chips.

Fifth generation of the computer

This generation allowed the user to communicate with the computer more easily, through an everyday language and not through codes, computers were manufactured with the ability to work simultaneously with several processors and recognize voice and images.

Another advance was the way information is stored.

Sixth generatio  of the computer

This generation has been adapted to almost every aspect of our lives, these computers are capable of performing more than one million floating point arithmetic operations per second (teraflops).